co·op·er·a·tion [koh-op-uh-rey-shuhn] - Noun
An act or instance of working or acting together for a common purpose or benefit; joint action."If you want to be incrementally better: Be competitive. If you want to be
exponentially better: Be cooperative." Anonymous
Many times we are called on to cooperate with others. In school it may be a science fair project where everyone in the group needs to "pull their weight" to win a blue ribbon. It may be on the basketball court where one teammate has to give the ball over to another teammate, so he/she gets the glory of making a point. At home, the family needs to cooperate on a daily basis, so the household runs smoothly without any one person "doing it all." Sometimes, it takes you a while to figure out how your talents can help in a group situation. As one gets older, being cooperative is important...especially as one gets a job. Rarely are jobs achieved by one person...it is a cooperative effort. In the story below you will see how the talents of each family member come together to help the situation.On Your Own: Have you ever tried to do something hard, but it was too much to do for one person? What did you do? How did you decide to get the project done? What special talents do you have that would help others - perhaps you are you strong? big? small? or perhaps you are you clever with words? talented with machines? or have a good sense of direction? How will your attributes help others? Think for a minute about how many skilled workers it takes to build a house. Who are they? How would they have to cooperate to make the job run smoothly?
In this classic story about Anansi and his Six Sons, you will see how having a special talent is a good thing.
Anansi and His Six Sons
Long ago in West Africa there lived Anansi. He was a father to six sons. Each son was named for the skill they had been blessed with. The first son, See Trouble (look through hands like binoculars), was given the gift of seeing trouble from far away. His second son was called Road Builder (make monster truck noise). Anansi’s third and thirsty son was named River Drinker (sluuurrrrppp-ahh!). Game Skinner (swish) was his fourth son. The next in line was Stone Thrower (chuck a stick). Youngest of all the sons was Cushion (oooo---ahhh). Cushion was very soft.
One day, Anansi went for a walk. He walked and he walked...and he walked...many miles far away from home. Soon he found himself in trouble. He had fallen into a river (kersplasha!) and been swallowed by a large fish. (Gulp!)
Back at home, Anansi’s son, See Trouble, had sensed that his father was in danger. He climbed to the top of a tall tree and looked way far away. He could see what happened. He rushed to his five brothers and cried, “Father has fallen into trouble! We must go help him! Follow me!” The brothers rushed to save their father.
The second son, Road Builder (monster truck sound) made a road for them to travel on. As the sons approached the bank of a river, Road Builder asked, “See Trouble, where is our father now?”
“It seems that he has fallen into this river, and a fish has swallowed him whole!” exclaimed See Trouble.
River Drinker quickly took a big gulp of the river (slllurrrrp!). He left no trace of water. The only thing lying where the river had once been was a single fish. “Quick! Someone get our dear father out of the fish’s belly!” howled River Drinker.
Game Skinner, came to his rescue. He cut open the fish (swish-swish) and pulled out his father. However, the trouble did not end here. Just as Game Skinner had retrieved his father from the stomach of the fish, a bird flew down from the sky (hand in air like a bird - caw-caw) and took Anansi into his beak.
Stone Thrower decided it was his turn to help. He pitched a stone into the air (throw stick hi-yah) and it hit the bird. Anansi came tumbling down (ahhhhhh). Cushion ran to his father’s aid. He positioned himself under Anansi and allowed for a soft landing (boing, boing, boing).
The family of spiders happily returned to their home. They had a big celebration. That night, Anansi found something rare in the forest. It was a big ball of light. He decided that this beautiful globe would be given to the son who had rescued him. “Which of my six sons is the most deserving of this wonderful gift?” Anansi asked himself. Since each of his sons had been so helpful, Anansi could not choose just one. He would take this problem to Nyame, Sky God.
Anansi asked Nyame, “O Great Nyame, what should I do? Each of my sons helped me. Who deserves this ball of light?Nyame took the ball of light and said, "Anansi, many hands came together to save you. This light belongs to all who carry a light in their hearts to help others in need." He then, took the beautiful white light and threw it high the sky, for all to see. It still remains there tonight shining down as a reminder that what one cannot do, many can do together.
1. Right There - What continent did this folktale come from? What is the name of the sky god? Who was the youngest son?
2. Think and Search - How did the talent of each son help Anansi? How did the sons find out what happened to their father? Why did Road Builder have to build a road to get to their father? Why didn't Anansi and his sons go home after Game Skinner got him out of the fish's belly?
3. Author and You - The storyteller said that Anansi thought the son who was most deserving should have the beautiful globe. Was that a good idea or not? Why? Which son do you think should have the globe of light? Why? The storyteller told about 6 sons who had six gifts...but what if there was another child...can you think of another gift and how it would have helped? Do you think it is fair that Nyame put the beautiful globe in the sky for everyone? Why or why not? The storyteller called the gift " a ball of light" and "a beautiful globe." What was it? Discuss what might be the moral of this story. (no "one" correct answer) How did the story demonstrate good cooperation among the brothers?
Thanks to Phyllis Hostmeyer for helping with QAR
Classroom Ideas:
Language Arts - This story lends itself to some creative dramatics:
Math: There are several scenes that you can add some math problems"
Character Ed
*Hand out several toothpicks to a select group. Have them take one toothpick and try to break it in half. It should break easily. Now, take two toothpicks and hold them together and try to break them. If they still break add a third. Ask them why they think you had them do this exercise. What does it prove? Elicit several answers - unity makes us strong, when person is weak others can help, what one person cannot do, many can do, etc. How does this story relate to Anansi and His Six Sons?
Then, have them take one toothpick and try to stand it on end. It most probably will not stand alone. Then add other toothpicks and bundle them together with a rubberband and tell them to stand it on end. It should easily stand, if the toothpicks are even. Ask them what this exercise could mean - standing alone can make us vulnerable, but if we stand together we can overcome greater odds.
Gather toothpicks and tell, "Bundle of Sticks"
*What is it? Need - simple line drawings - spider, tall apartment building, flower, car, truck, airplane, etc. Cut the pictures into 6 pieces. Each picture should have an identifiable characteristic of the picture. For instance, the flower could be cut to show the stem, the leaves, the petals. Have each individual in the group say what they think it is without looking at the other pieces. Have the group put their pieces together to see what it is.
Discuss why this was hard or easy. Answers will vary. Then, tell The Blind Men and the Elephant...
Once there was a wise man who asks six blind men to determine what an elephant looked like by feeling different parts of the elephant's body.
The blind man who feels a leg says the elephant is like a pillar; the one who feels the tail says the elephant is like a rope; the one who feels the trunk says the elephant is like a tree branch; the one who feels the ear says the elephant is like a hand fan; the one who feels the belly says the elephant is like a wall; and the one who feels the tusk says the elephant is like a solid pipe.
A wise man explains to them: "All of you are right. The reason every one of you is telling it differently is because each one of you touched the different part of the elephant. So, actually the elephant has all the features you mentioned."
Ask - How was this story like the drawing activity? How was it different? How could the blind men cooperate to have a better idea of what an elephant should look like? (sample answers - not to assume you have the whole truth just because you know one part of the truth. Don't rely on first impressions to tell you all you need to know. If we share our perspectives, we will come to a more complete understanding of the truth. Working together is more effective than working alone)
Other folktales on cooperation:
There are many stories both folktales and literary where several animals or people must come together for a common goal.
- Coyote Brings Fire Scroll down on this page to find this California Indian story about Coyote who enlists the help of his friends to bring fire back to the people. There are many, many versions of this story. Here is another from Canada called The Long Winter.
- The Piasa - a local Illinois legend where the Illiniwek must come together to destroy the mighty Piasa.
- The Turnip - the bones of the story of the enormous turnip. Everyone tries to pull the turnip but it is the smallest who succeeds. Also written as a Readers' Theatre.
- Stone Soup - the folktale about making soup out of a stone...with the cooperation of the village people. The fun thing about this story is it can be told in a variety of different ways.
- The Ram and the Pig Who Set Up House - this Norwegian tale reminds me of The Bremen Town Musicians towards the end. Animals come together to build a house each using their special talent. And they protect the house again by using their special talents.
- The Mice and the Elephant - a tale from India. The elephant is in trouble, so its friend, the mice, cooperate in freeing the elephant.
Lists from fellow storytellers I belong to two listserves - Storytell and Northlands. I asked them for stories they tell with the theme of cooperation. I received so many wonderful stories (26!) and comments that I put them on their own page. I got responses from 7 states and 4 countries!!!! Talk about cooperation!!
Books on Cooperation:
List of 40 books on Cooperation - picture and chapter books
And there are some very inspiring true stories about people who came together for the common good to get something accomplished.
True Stories about Cooperation:
President Obama Calls for Cooperation Among Nations
Beauties in the Beasts - True stories of animals displaying character traits including cooperation
Strange But True Stories of Animal Co-operation